Vaccinations

As a man, a lot of time worked in the Infectious Diseases Hospital, declare with certainty: for all diseases for which vaccines are given, the likelihood of the disease remains very real. Children suffering from these diseases, and outcomes are, to put it mildly, different. Therefore, for normal, sane and sensible parents, there can be no debate about what should be vaccinated or not.

Make sure!

Quite another question is that responses to most vaccines depend strongly on the condition of the body of the child. And if you're really afraid, then the logic is not that the vaccinations are done. Logic - a steady training of the body: the normal way of life, breastfed, hardening, preventing contact with sources of allergies, etc.
Vaccinations should be carried out in a designated time pediatrician, and the more accurate you are, the higher prophylactic efficacy. It must be taken into account when planning such as summer vacation, and a good idea to ask yourself when and what kind of vaccine to be done.
Each country has its own world, approved by the appropriate state agency calendar of vaccinations. The calendar takes into account the child's age, interval between vaccination and a list of specific diseases for which vaccines to prevent, in fact, do.
What is the essence of preventive vaccination?
In the body introduces a medicine - a vaccine. In response to the vaccine organism produces special cells - specific antibodies, and which protects a person from the relevant disease.
Each vaccine has its own strictly defined indications, contraindications, and timing of application, its schema and its route of administration (orally, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intradermally).
For each vaccine body reacts differently. In some cases, a single brand name viagra vaccination is sufficient to produce long-lasting immunity. In others - need to make repeated administration. Hence, there were two medical words - vaccination and revaccination. The essence of the vaccine - to achieve production of specific antibodies in an amount sufficient to prevent the disease. But this start (protective) level of antibodies gradually decreases, and requires repeated administration to maintain them (antibodies) the required number. These re-introduction of the vaccine and have booster.
Referred to our expression "reacts differently," not only refers to the quality and timing of formation of immunity, but also directly to the response of an organism of the child. For reactions that doctors and parents can observe directly (violation of general condition ? rise in body temperature, etc.).

The severity and frequency of these reactions are determined by three factors.
The first - about it, we have already said - the health of a particular grafting child.
Second - the quality and characteristics of a specific vaccine. All vaccines can be administered to (certified), the World Health Organization (and in our country, apply only to such vaccines), are highly effective prevention, and there is no one among them is certainly bad and poor. Nevertheless, vaccines from different manufacturers may contain different doses of antigens, vary in purity, the form used preservative substances. In addition, a vaccine designed to prevent even the same disease may differ from one another the most fundamental way - for example, may represent a product that is based on live but weakened microbes, or a drug based on the microbe killed (or even parts This killed the microbe). Clearly, if the microbe, though weakened, but alive, there is always the chance of developing the disease (the same illness from which the vaccine did), but with a killed microbe probably not.
The third factor - the actions of medical workers. Vaccination - is not an ordinary standard process, the principle of "three months of pique" and individual, very specific and very responsible action, which performs a specific doctor in relation to a particular child. And these actions are not as simple as it may seem at first glance. Need to assess the health of the child to pick up the vaccine preparation to give the baby to relatives with clear and accessible advice on how to prepare the child for vaccination and how to deal with it after it (food, drink, air, walking, bathing, medications). And yet it is very important to scrupulously observe the many intricacies of vaccination: vaccines are properly stored, how to use heat in the place a shot, etc.

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Now a few words about specific immunizations from specific diseases.
The very first vaccine - a vaccine against tuberculosis (TB vaccine called the famous BCG).
It is usually done directly at the hospital for 4-7 days after birth, once. In the future, theoretically, re-vaccination is carried out at 7, 12 and 16-17. Why theoretically? Yes, because the question of do or not do revaccination against tuberculosis depends largely on the Mantoux test. This reaction makes children annually, but the vast majority of parents have no idea what it is and for what it is.
The fact that almost everyone sooner or later infected with tubercle bacilli, ie microbe gets into the human body. But the fact of infection did not testify that the man fell ill with tuberculosis. Assume microbe hit, and the body, thanks to all of the same vaccine has a protective antibodies - this disease and does not develop, although tuberculosis bacteria is present. Mantoux test - is not vaccinated, this test for tuberculosis infection. The expression "not vaccinated, and test" is very crucial. After the samples are no common reactions - no fever, not being changed. Local reaction, ie, directly at the spot where stung, it may well be proper for this test done.
If TB bacteria in the body there - tests are negative, but after infection it becomes positive.
How does all of this in practice? Child annually make Mantoux test, she, of course, is negative, but here, in a not very beautiful moment of a negative test is positive. Doctors call this a turn tuberculin skin test, and this is the turn sooner or later takes place in virtually all people, but one in 3 years, and another - in 12 or 19. And it is here that there is a very important situation. Need to get an answer to a question of principle: a person is infected but not ill, of course because he had immunity or infection led to the emergence of the disease - not enough protective antibodies.
Answer this question doctors, specialists on tuberculosis (TB doctors). For this child looks around, taken some tests, if necessary, is radiography of the chest. Depending on the results of a doctor makes an appropriate conclusion. Diagnosed TB - treat tuberculosis, questionable results - a course of preventive treatment with anti-specific antibiotics, all right - all right, but revaccination now do not need - TB immunity is maintained is not a vaccine, and immediately got into the organism microbe. And the task of physicians - do not miss such a child out of sight, put on the record and regularly inspected, in order to timely detect the situation when the body can not cope and still have to treat it.
At the age of 3 months starting inoculation directly into the clinic. For the three injection with an interval of 1-1,5 months immediately carry out vaccination of four diseases - polio (vaccine fluid, dripping into her mouth) and diphtheria, tetanus - there is already shot. Used a vaccine called DTP: one drug, and immediately from the three diseases (K - whooping cough, D - diphtheria, C - tetanus). In the second year of life is carried revaccination against all these diseases.
At age one vaccinated against measles at 15-18 months - from parotitis (mumps).
What vaccinations are constantly being revised. It depends on the epidemiological situation, the emergence of new vaccines, the availability of funds from the state. The modern calendar includes, for example, vaccination against hepatitis B, but they almost never do - there is no money for a vaccine. Specific dates for specific shots you can always check with your pediatrician.

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After any vaccination (lyuboy!) can hold body reaction - fever, not eating, lethargy. This is normal: the body develops immunity (protection) to a specific disease. Some vaccines are transported very easily and almost never given serious reactions - a typical example - the polio vaccine. Introduction of other drugs, in contrast, is often accompanied by a pronounced increase in temperature and a material breach of the general condition of the child - again, a typical example - the pertussis component of DTP vaccine.
For parents, it is important to recognize the fundamental difference between the response to the vaccine and the complications of vaccination.
Reactions to the vaccine, in varying degrees of severity, are obliged to be, as we have already noted, it is absolutely normal.
What is the complication? That is, just something that should not be, which happens very rarely. There should be no seizures or loss of consciousness, no temperature above 40 ° C. No child should be covered from head to toe rash, and in that place where stung, there should be no suppuration.
Complications after vaccination - it is always serious. Each case is analyzed in detail, the entire medical commission decided - why it happened and what to do next? Vaccinate or not, if so, how the drug and of any disease.
When possible and when not to be vaccinated?
Above all, remember that every child is vaccinated, which at this moment there is no acute infectious disease - no cold, no diarrhea, no rash or fever. Why is it the absence of an infectious disease? Yes, because any vaccine - a burden on the immune system. In order to respond to the vaccine properly and to make enough antibodies, the body must be more or less free of other cases in turn associated with immunity. Hence two conclusions: if a child leg in plaster, it is not a contraindication to vaccination. If any, even infectious disease, occurs with normal temperature and general condition of the intact - it is clear that this disease does not pose any significant burden on the immune system and is not a contraindication to vaccination.
From this rule there are exceptions. Some infectious diseases specifically affect precisely those human cells that are responsible for immunity. This, for example, chicken pox and infectious mononucleosis. That is, if the child has chickenpox, the normal temperature and is satisfactory Viagra erection enhances overall condition is still not a reason to ensure that the vaccinations. But exceptions only prove the rule - a moderate sniff at a total waking state can completely vaccinated.
Some carried the child infectious diseases cause long-term weakening of the body's defenses, and this, in turn, is a contraindication for the vaccine for a certain period (about 6 months after recovery). Such diseases include meningitis, viral hepatitis, already referred to our infectious mononucleosis.
At the same time do or not to vaccinate - a question relating exclusively to the doctor. For each disease - allergic, congenital, neurological, etc. - to develop appropriate rules: how, when and what to plant.

How to prepare for vaccinations?

Especially nothing else to do. Well, perhaps that avoided experimentation on food - no new products will not give.
Remember: to prepare a healthy child to be vaccinated by whatever medication was impossible. Any drugs, ostensibly to facilitate the portability of vaccination: "vitaminchiki, homeopathic remedies, hemp" for vessels, beneficial bacteria, droplets "for immunity," and so on and so forth - all these popular methods of psychotherapy mom and dad, trying to implementation of common mental principle "well one must do something" and the business of manufacturers (distributors) of these drugs.

And a few more tips:

* Less load on the digestive system, the easier it is tolerated graft. In no case do not force your child to eat. Do not offer food until you ask. One day before vaccination can limit the volume and concentration of food intake;
* Do not feed (anything) at least one hour before inoculation;
* Going to the clinic for vaccination, very, very careful not to overdo it with clothes. It would be extremely undesirable if vaccination will very sweaty baby with a deficit of fluid in the body. If the clinic still got sweaty, wait, change their clothes, good drink;
* 3-4 days before inoculation the maximum limit your child's communication with people (children). Do not look for infections: If possible, avoid crowded events, shops, public transport, etc.;
* While in the clinic, to deter their sociability. Wait (sit) in a corner, cut contacts. Ideally, Put to queue dad and walk themselves to the baby outdoors.

Actions after vaccination

1. Walk!
2.
Try a little undernourish (if any appetite) or feed only on appetite (if the appetite was reduced or absent).
3.
Plenty to drink - mineral water, fruit compote of dried fruits, green, fruit, berry tea.
4.
Clean cool moist air.
5.
To limit contact with people - the child develops immunity, his body is busy. Other microbes us now desirable. A source of these other microbes - by other people.
6.
When it warms the body and material breach of the general condition - check-up, but paracetamol in any form (suppositories, tablets, syrup) is quite possible to give. The higher body temperature, the more relevant rules set out in paragraphs 2,3 and 4.

If the child became ill after vaccination

On Friday, Pete was vaccinated on Monday, he began to cough, and on Wednesday, a doctor diagnosed pneumonia. The eternal questions: Why it happened and, of course, who's to blame?
From the perspective of parents blame vaccinations - this is obvious and lies on the surface - not much deeper and want. In fact, the probable causes are three:

1.
Improper actions immediately after inoculation.
2.
Additional infection, most often an acute respiratory viral infection on the background of a busy immunity.
3.
Lowered immunity in general - "thanks" to the appropriate education.

So who is to blame and what to do, that this did not happen? Rhetorical question, because it is obvious that child's ability to properly respond to the vaccine depends on the system of care and education. And it is entirely the responsibility of parents.